"1971 D�ing & Szekelda " : the baroclinic mode is the dominant mode of the Somali current
2.
For the first baroclinic mode in the ocean, a typical phase speed would be about 2.8 m / s, causing an equatorial Kelvin wave to take 2 months to cross the Pacific Ocean between New Guinea and South America; for higher ocean and atmospheric modes, the phase speeds are comparable to fluid flow speeds.
3.
\omega / k =-c / ( 2n + 1 ), which indicates that these long equatorial Rossby waves move in the opposite direction ( westward ) of Kelvin waves ( which move eastward ) with speeds reduced by factors of 3, 5, 7, etc . To illustrate, suppose c = 2.8 m / s for the first baroclinic mode in the Pacific; then the Rossby wave speed would correspond to ~ 0.9 m / s, requiring a 6-month time frame to cross the Pacific basin from east to west.